Universal indicator



Aug. 26, 1952 A. P. PAYAMPS 2,607,990

UNIVERSAL INDICATOR Filed May 15, 1951 v v 2 SHEETSSHEET l 4; INVENTOR.

ATY'OM Aug. 26, 1952 A.-P. PAYAMPS UN IVERSAL INDICATOR 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 Filed May 15, 1951 a lllllull aw Egg. BY W4 thereof rconstituteavernier.

' Aug'ustimR;fayaniDgBhiladlphia,Bass ff sunn ng-Mayer's, 1951-; Serial Ntrzzsasg i,

' mam (CL-339271;

Myinventiomrelates: toz af new and "usefiui un iversahindieator to ztb'e. employem particularly, although. not limited; for measuringdistan-cesi-on templates, pieces. of'vvorkr-andzthewlike obtained fi'omfblue prints, drawingsisorotherisourcesso'f information and; forchecking layout:- work: -i The instrument: is also useful" in: scribing". circlesao'r 'ancs'thereof':

- Another: obiectof this: invention to'npredu'ce artinstru'ment of the type herein mentioned capa;

-=ble of .obtaming'measureniehts inimche'sxandif i'ace ti'dnsi-thereof :as' awell-i asrinr degrees: andt'minute's.

Another object of the invention is to produce an:-indicating measuring "instrument".- including a casing; :provi'dediwithiicertaim measurement": indicating relementsg and' 1a measuringerod: :'p10;- jectablezcompletely: through said casingialong" a diameter thereof whereby exceedingly" small as wellas maximum measurements'maybei obtained. Botlrends'rof said :measuring-rodmayFbetutilized thereby enabling a mechanic: to procure measure;-

ments '0r"*laylout1 'parts of .a work-job: on: either or bOthC-SidBSE ofv an obstruction; 1 such -asthe spindlefofva machine-V in whichfa, work piece :is mountedzrzx 'l' Anotherzofbject of this. inventionis': to construct the :instru-mentt" in such fa" manner: that'i parts A further object of -the'inv'ention: is "Etoiprovid'e bui1t;-in:magnetic* means ass-a part of thein'stru meant-post: torxtemporaril y":attaclt said instrument to a metallic: template" orwwork-pie'ce: having inherent:magneticiattractive-qualities 2 1 A still further 'object'of the:present-invention is to 'provideaxanaattachablevacuum: cu-p' fore use T invention consists of-therdetails of construction and combination of elements.hereinaiter set forth anduthendesig nated -bythe1claimsr1. r

In order that those skilled in the art to which thisv invention appertains may understandihow to make and use the same I willdesoribe'its eonstruction; in-.detaili ref erring: by numeral-etc the accompanying drawings iorming. xa'part hereof, in whichzn i Fig: 1' is a perspective view 'of aiuniversal indicating. instrument: shown: mounted on I a surface represented asia material sheet in dotfanddash linesfi v H 4 -2 is a slightly enlarged top-plan viewfof theinstrument? Fig: 3 is a further-enlarged-fsider vievw ofizthe same r r Fig. 4 is a side view of the holder for itemz; such as ascriben Fig; .5 is a fragmentary vertical sectionahaview of" "the: base. member; including-the. posli and dial plate, lwith the center finding pin:- therein;

Fig. 6 is top fac'eview of 'the base" member-with a. portion of-zthef dial plate. brokemaway-z' i 1' 1 Fig:v 7 is a section on the line: 1- effigy-6'. f

' Fig; 8. is aside VlBW of the 'headsniem'benof the instrument with: the ends of: the measuring=rod broken' awayi Fig; 9. is a fragmentary-vertical sectional view of'thebas'e member vvitlti'the vacuum cupaholder te'r-eof the bushing 1 3 and has "graduation marks IT on the top face for' the-entire 360 degrees con tiguous the-perimeter;- In""the body'portior'r' of the lead pOst I Z; at'thei'.eXtreme'-' botto end thereof, are embedded permanent magnets-5 1B, preferably of'the horseshoe type to' temporarily attach the imam-ant to the surface 05 a metal article "I 9; Fig. 1, such as-a-temolateor Work pi'eee,

having" qualities which will atti act the: magnets. Where the instrument-is used with'othei nietals, Wood; lastics and the like; asuction cup: I 9; Fig.

function as the-temporary attach-ingmeans for the instrument; suetiononvacuum (sup 4A9 has a central-hole?9 fei' alignment'with th" 'post bore, barticularlvthe bore of the bushing I slightly larger than thelatter to anow inward expansion of the vacuum cup withoutinterfring "either of 1 which fitssnugly into the pesto! bush ing'boresf- A-s"shown in Fig. 5,' the cjenter finder pin 2=3 has pointed bottom end a aame head "25 nd-the; body-portion Z 6 0 f" said" pin 'i slbiig el' thain 'the'iiost whe'reb-ythe pointed endprojects byfiiid or below the bottom ofsaid post 'for 'reistfation with an indentation, such as made by a center punch, in the surface of a template or work-piece and so that said pointed end maybe viewed below the post during the center finding operations.

The head member II, in addition to the stem 22, includes a casing 21 revolvably mounted on the upper end of said stem which is held stationary in the post of the base member by a set screw 28 threaded radially through one side of the post to enter the bore thereof or, more particularly, the bore of the bushing. The normally open top of the casing is covered by a transparent face 29' held in place by a bezel ring 30, Figs. 3 and 8.

A measuring-rod 3| has teeth 32 on one side to form a rack and projects diametrically through and through the casing with both ends of said rod normally protruding from opposite sides of said casing. At the locations of passage of the measuring-rod through the casing walls, the lat-- ter may be strengthened by lugs or projections 33 and set screws, 34 threaded therein to impinge upon a surface of said rod to retain it in various positions.

The measuring-bar rack meshes with one of a train of gears 35 connected with the main pointer 36 and the secondary pointer 31 and said gears are soproportioned and timed that said secondary pointer makes forty revolutions to every one revolution'of the main pointer 36. Indication marks 38, representing divisions of one inch, are provided under the face 29 and associated with the main pointer, one complete revolution of which represents a one inch longitudinal movement of the measuring-rod 3|. Likewise indication marks 39, representing smaller sub-divisions of an inch, such as thousandths of an inch, are also provided under the face 29 and associated with the secondary pointer 37, one complete revolution of which represents twenty-five thousandths of an inch of movement of the measuring-rod 3|.

Proper compensation is allowed for the distances between the axial center of the instrument and the outer ends of the lugs or projections 33 and the location of the scriber 40 on either end of the measuring-rod 3| where said scriber is removably mounted by holder 4|. This will ;-permit reading of the indication marks 42 on the measuring-rod, when and if desired, with the outer ends of the lugs or projections 33 as the starting locations.

The scriber holder 4| has a bore 43 to receive thesgcriber 40 having a pointed lower end, a flat upper end and a cut-out notch 44 into which projects a set screw 45 threaded into the holder for retaining said scriber in various lon itudinally adjusted positions and preventing the scriber from becoming accidentally displaced when the set screw 45 is merely backed off sufiiciently to ad st sa d scr er. At one de of the h der is a socketed lateral projection 46 to receive either end of the measuring-rod into which is threaded a set screw 41 for projection into a hole 45, one at each end of said measuring-rod, to fa ten the scriber holder in proper location to coincide with the measurement indication marks.

From the exterior of the casing projects the Vernier segment 49 having indication marks. 59, each one thousandth of an inch apart, cooperating with the indication marks l1, representing degrees, for designating the sweep movements of the measuring-rod in degrees and minutes as the head member or casing 21 and component parts are rotated relative to the base member I!) or the dial plate I4 in particular.

In operation, the head member II is first detached from the base member I0 and the center finder pin 23 is placed in said base member as suggested in Fig. 5. The pointed end of the pin is then placed on a desired or predetermined center and the base member slid along said pin until the magnet or vacuum cup bearing end of the post engages the surface of a template or work-piece at which time the base member l0 will be securely held in place. The center finding pin is then withdrawn and the head member II assembled on the base member by inserting the stem 22 in the bore of the post or, more particularly, in the bushing and temporarily fastening the two members together by the set screw 28. r

With the instrument thus set any point within the radius of. the measuring-bar 3! can be determined or laid out according to plans embodied in drawings, blue-prints or the like by manually operating said measuring-bar longitudinally until the scriber 40 reaches the desired location'and noting the number of revolutions or partial revolutions of. the pointers Y36 and 31 with relation to their associated indication marks. Likewise, the angular relation of two points relative to each other may be determined or laidout by placing the scriber at one point and. then rotating the casing until said scriber reaches the other point while noting the movements or position of the vernier segment relative to the indication marks on the dial plate M which will give the degrees or the degrees and mintues of space between the points.

By way of example, if it is desired to lay outan arc of thirty degrees andfifty minutes having a radius of two and ten thousandths inches, the instrument is first set on a predetermined center as described above and the measuring-rodmoved longitudinally, until the main pointer 36 makes two complete revolutions plus a partialrevolution equalto ten-thousandths represented by the proper indication marks associated with the secondary pointer 31. Then the head member 'H is rotated on the base member ID until the zero indication mark on the Vernier segment passes the thirty de ree mark of the indication marks IT on the dial plate and until the properone of the indication marks 50 coincides with the pro er one of the indication marks H to represent fifty minutes; During the rotation of the head member the scriber is pressed down so the scriber will mark the surface over which it is passed.

From the foregoing it will be apparentv that I have produced an exceedingly simple, compact and novel structure for determining measurements and laying out work according to scale within very small dimensions up to and including the full extent of the reach of: the measurin bar.

Of course I do not wish to be limited'to the exact details of construction herein shown and described as these may be varied within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having described my invention what I claim as new and useful is:

1. A universal indicator comprising a tubular post of non-magnetic material having permanent magnetic means embedded therein and exposed at the lower end thereof and a dial plate on the upper end of said post, two elements interchangeably mounted insaid post, one of said elements constituting a center finder pin having a pointed end projectablebelow the lower end of :said-post, said other element including a stem entering the post, a casing rotatably mounted on said stem, a rack toothed measuring-rod projecting all the way through opposite sides of said casing and slidably mounted along a diameter of said casing, a main pointer and a secondary pointer mounted in the casing, a gear train meshing with teeth of the measuring-bar and connected with the pointers to cause the main pointer to make one complete revolution for a one inch longitudinal movement of the measuring-rod and simultaneously cause the secondary pointer to make one complete revolution for each twenty-five thousandths of an inch movement of said measuring-bar, said casing having sets of indication marks thereon, one set representing the larger graduations of one inch and associated with the main pointer and the other set representing thousandths of an inch and associated with the secondary pointer, a vernier segment projecting from said casing and having indication marks thereon for cooperation with indication marks on the dial plate and representative of degrees, and a scri-ber holder detachably mounted on either end of the measuring-rod. I

2. The universal indicator according to claim 1, in combination with a vacuum cup detachably mounted on the lower end of the post and having a hole therethrough aligned with the bore of said post.

3. In an instrument of the class described, the combination of a base member, and a head member detachably connected to each other, said base member including a lead post having a central bore, a bushing of hard metal mounted in said bore, permanent magnets embedded in said post at the outer end thereof, a set screw projected through a side of the post into the bore thereof, a graduated dial plate of disc formation and having a hole aligned with the post bore, said head member including a casing of smaller diameter than the dial plate, and a stem, said stem assembled in the post bore of the base member to rotatably mount the casing on the base member and temporarily retained in place by the set screw after a setting is obtained, a vernier segment projecting from a side of the casing and imposed on and terminating short of the perimeter of the dial plate and having graduations thereon cooperating with the graduations on said dial plate to determine the angular degrees and minutes of rotation of the casing from a predetermined location, a rack toothed measuring-rod slidably mounted and projecting completely through the casing along a diameter thereof, pointers actuated by the longitudinal movements of said measuringrod and associated with indication marks to represent dissimilar graduations of linear movement of said measuring-rod, and a scriber holder removably mounted on an end of the measuringrod.

4. A universal indicator comprising a tubular post of non-magnetic material having permanent magnetic means embedded therein and exposed at the lower end thereof and a dial plate on the upper end of said post, a casing, a stem carried by said casing and rotatably mounted in the tubular post, a rack toothed measuring rod projecting all the way through opposite sides of said casing and slidably mounted along a diameter of said casing, apertured strengthening lugs at the locations of the passage of the measuring rod through the sides of said casing, set screws threaded into said lugs and impinging on said measuring rod, a main pointer and a secondary pointer mounted in the casing, a gear train meshing with the teeth of the measuring rod and connected with the pointers tocause the main pointer to make one complete revolution for a one inch longitudinal movement of the measuring rod and simultaneously cause the secondary pointer to make one complete revolution for each twenty-five thousandths of an inch movement of said measuring rod, said casing having sets of indication marks thereon, one set representing the larger graduations of one inch and associated with the main pointer and the other set of indication marks representing thousandths of an inch and associated with the secondary pointer, a vernier segment projecting from said casing and having indication marks thereon for cooperation with indication marks on the dial plate and representative of degrees, and a scriber holder detachably mounted on either end of the measuring rod.

AUGUSTIN P. PAYAMPS.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 135,249 Shumard Jan. 28, 1873 677,339 Comstock July 2, 1901 710,257 De Leeuw Sept.'30, 1902 1,617,485 7 Hughes Feb. 15, 1927 1,778,481 Boucher Oct. 14, 1930 2,424,286 Robbins July 22, 1947 2,568,524 Verderber Sept. 18, 1951 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 546,190 Great Britain July 1, 1942 

